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Some thoughts by RSM about how this applies to Actin/Myosin
I agree that "but only if the particle is confronted by an
appropriate potential for it to do work against" is essential.
I agree
that it is plausible that part of the work of the P is to unbind the
ADP (as hinted in my abstract); I was regarding this as secondary,
but as it is important to match the forces, I agree that it is better
if the P has some standard potential to work against rather than just
whatever the muscle is faced with.
A problem with your proposal is to explain how the binding of
ATP does the external work. This is claimed by Oster to be true for
the F1 motor (the part of ATPsynthase that can produce a torque by
hydrolysis of ATP, though in "normal" operation it is driven in
reverse by the F0 proton motor and synthesises ATP). Oster also
proposes it is true of all ATPase motors (thus including myosin).
But I cant see how it could fit with the believed cycle for myosin,
since the binding of ATP results in no reported change in the
conformation of the myosin ("hooked") (mind you, there are only two
stages in the cycle for which structures have been determined, and
even then with some uncertainties of interpretation because they have
to use false versions of ATP to stop the cycle, eg with BeF3 instead
of the terminal phosphate, so a lot is extrapolation). If your
proposal is correct, it looks to me as if there would have to be:
either another power stroke, associated with the ATP binding, eg
pulling in the tail of the myosin
or winding up of some internal "spring" which saves its energy and
releases it as work during the standard power stroke (this is what
several authors seem to favour, except they view the winding up of
the spring as happening on hydrolysis; this could be plausible since
it corresponds to the hooked to extended transition, except that in
the extended state there is still and equilibrium with 10%
unhydrolysed ATP but this may not be important).
It looks more likely to me that the ATP binding energy is used to
detach the myosin from the actin (which must be a huge binding energy
I imagine). Howard's basic cycle regards the ATP as bound before
detachment occurs, but I think the two could be simultaneous (just as
some authors think the P has to be released before the power stroke
starts).
Thus perhaps it is the binding of myosin to actin that does the main work?!